Skin Cancer

Skin cancer occurs when skin cells grow uncontrollably due to damaged DNA, which typically happens when the skin is exposed to harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. Normally, new skin cells form to replace older ones as they die, but when this process is disrupted, cells can multiply rapidly, leading to the formation of benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) growths. If these malignant cells are left untreated, they can spread to other parts of the body, posing serious health risks.

Skin cancer can present itself in various ways, depending on factors like skin tone, cancer type, size, and location on the body. The two primary categories of skin cancer are Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer and Melanoma Skin Cancer.

Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer

This group includes basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), both of which are common and typically develop in the upper layers of the skin. These cancers are generally less aggressive than melanoma but still require prompt treatment.

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most prevalent form of skin cancer, accounting for the majority of skin cancer cases. It typically appears as a small, shiny bump or nodule on the skin, particularly on sun-exposed areas like the face, neck, and hands. BCC grows slowly and rarely spreads to other parts of the body, making it less dangerous than other forms of skin cancer. However, if left untreated, it can penetrate deeper layers of the skin, leading to significant local damage. BCC is highly treatable, often through surgical removal, and early intervention can prevent complications.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC): SCC is the second most common type of skin cancer. It often manifests as a firm, red nodule, or a flat lesion with a scaly, crusted surface. SCC commonly develops on sun-exposed areas, such as the ears, face, and back of the hands, but it can also appear on other parts of the body, including the lips and inside the mouth. Unlike BCC, SCC has a higher likelihood of spreading to other parts of the body if not treated promptly, making early detection and treatment crucial. Treatments for SCC often involve surgical excision, and in some cases, more advanced methods may be required if the cancer has spread.

Melanoma Skin Cancer

Melanoma is more aggressive and can spread to other parts of the body. Early detection is vital, as melanoma can often be effectively treated with surgery if caught early, but more advanced cases may need additional treatment options.

Skin cancer can present with a wide range of symptoms, varying from person to person. It’s essential to consult a dermatologist if you notice any changes in your skin. Common symptoms to be aware of include:

• New growths or sores that do not heal
• Changes in existing moles, such as alterations in size, shape, colour, or texture
• Irregularly shaped lesions with multiple colours
• Persistent sores
• Shiny, waxy, pale areas, or firm red bumps on the skin

The primary cause of skin cancer is overexposure to sunlight, particularly UV radiation, which can damage the DNA in your skin and trigger abnormal cell growth. Several factors can increase your risk of developing skin cancer:

• Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds
• Having fair skin, though skin cancer can develop in all skin types
• A personal or family history of skin cancer
• Exposure to toxic substances or significant radiation

Early detection of skin cancer is crucial, as most cases can be treated successfully if caught early. However, if left untreated, skin cancer can lead to severe complications, such as:

• Spread of cancer to other parts of the body, particularly with melanoma, which can be life-threatening
• Permanent damage to surrounding tissues
• Growth of lesions that may lead to ulceration, bleeding, and infection
• Significant disfigurement requiring extensive surgical procedures in advanced cases

Prevention is the most effective strategy against skin cancer, with the primary focus being on minimising UV exposure. Early detection is equally important for successful treatment and management. Here are some tips to help reduce your risk:

• Regularly apply sunscreen year-round to all exposed skin
• Wear protective clothing and seek shade during peak sunlight hours
• Avoid tanning beds
• Perform regular skin checks and consult a dermatologist if you notice any changes

If you notice any changes to your skin or suspect you may have skin cancer then seeking advice from a dermatologist is crucial.

At RENA Clinics, skin checks are only ever undertaken by consultant dermatologists, with the process of diagnosing skin cancer beginning with a thorough evaluation by one of our experts. Your skin will be carefully examined, and your medical history will be reviewed. If skin cancer is suspected, a biopsy will be performed. This involves removing a small sample of the suspicious skin area, which will then be analysed under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis. 

Our team of consultant dermatologists is dedicated to maintaining the highest standards of care throughout the diagnosis and treatment process. We recognise that skin cancer is a complex and potentially serious condition that requires expert insight and a personalised approach to treatment in a timely fashion.

The most suitable treatment for skin cancer depends on the type, stage, and size of the cancer. At RENA Clinics, following a comprehensive consultation and diagnosis, we will recommend a personalised treatment plan, which may include surgical removal of the cancerous growth, the freezing of early-stage skin cancers through cryotherapy, or topical medications for more superficial skin cancers.

After discussing your wishes with you there maybe instances where we will recommend making an appropriate referral. These referrals may include surgery for larger or difficult-to-treat cancers, photodynamic therapy for specific types of skin cancer, or radiation therapy or chemotherapy for advanced-stage cancers or difficult-to-treat lesions.

At RENA Clinics, our goal is to provide expert, compassionate care tailored to your individual needs, ensuring the best possible outcomes for your skin health. We recognise the importance of receiving accurate and timely advice around suspected skin cancer and will ensure that you receive access to the best treatment for your particular condition.