Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition which causes cells to build up rapidly on the surface of the skin, forming thick silvery scales and itchy, dry, red patches that are sometimes painful. These patches can range from a few spots of dandruff-like scaling to major eruptions that cover large areas.

It is a common condition, affecting millions of people worldwide, and whilst there is no known cure, it is possible to live normally by adopting appropriate treatment and management techniques.

There are different types of psoriasis and they can impact people with varying levels of severity:

• Plaque psoriasis: the most common type of psoriasis, taking its name from the ‘plaques’ that are formed on the skin through the build-up of cells
• Scalp psoriasis: a common condition where plaque psoriasis occurs on the scalp, which can cause a build-up of scaly skin which causes dandruff-like flakes to appear
• Guttate psoriasis: a widespread rash of small spots which usually occurs in children
• Pustular psoriasis: presents as pustules which appear on patches of red or dark skin, usually on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet, but can also present in other areas of the body
• Psoriasis in sensitive areas: psoriasis in sensitive areas of the body does not have the ‘plaques’ or scaliness seen commonly in other areas, and instead causes the skin to become red and shiny
• Nail psoriasis: where psoriasis impacts the finger and toe nails , which can cause pain and make using the hands and feet difficult

Most cases of psoriasis go through cycles, with periods of flare ups that need to be managed, followed by periods where the symptoms ease up. The most common symptoms are as follows, but all will impact with different levels of severity based on your particular condition and the stage of your cycle:

• Red patches of skin covered with thick, silvery scales
• Dry, cracked skin that may bleed
• Itching, burning, or soreness
• Thickened, pitted, or ridged nails
• Swollen and stiff joints

Psoriasis occurs when your body replaces skin cells more quickly than normal. The root cause of this is unknown, but is thought to be a result of an immune system dysfunction which leads to inflammation and rapid skin cell turnover. Genetics may also play a significant role, as psoriasis often runs in families.

In addition, there are some common environmental factors which can trigger psoriasis. These can be managed if you are aware of your particular triggers, which can include:

• Stress
• Skin trauma (e.g. a cut or sunburn)
• Infection
• Some medications
• Cold or dry weather
• Tobacco
• Heavy drinking

Whilst psoriasis is a chronic condition and cannot be completely prevented, there are measures that can be taken to help manage and reduce outbreaks. These include:

• Moisturising regularly to keep skin supple and reduce dryness.
• Avoiding known triggers, such as stress and smoking.
• Maintaining a healthy weight and balanced diet.
• Using gentle skin care products to avoid irritation.

At RENA, diagnosing psoriasis involves a detailed and personalised assessment. During your consultation, one of our consultant dermatologists will carefully examine your skin, scalp, and nails for typical psoriasis indicators, such as red, inflamed patches covered with silvery scales. We will also discuss your medical history, focusing on any patterns or triggers that might be contributing to flare-ups, such as stress, infections, or specific medications. In some cases, a small skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and differentiate psoriasis from other skin conditions. This thorough approach enables us to create a customised treatment plan to effectively manage your psoriasis and enhance your skin health.

Effective psoriasis treatment focuses on healing the affected skin and preventing flaring of symptoms to allow you to manage the condition over the long-term. The most appropriate treatment will depend on your specific needs, with RENA being able to offer both topical and oral treatments to help manage your condition.